As a designer I feel it is my duty to challenge the pre-conceived normality - a mantra that Middlesex University has certainly reinforced. During my final year at university, I decided to take on the challenge of redesigning the humble kettle. Kettle. A revolutionary domestic appliance that harnesses the power of heat exchange technology to reduce water, energy, and economic waste. I was extremely concerned to discover that three-quarters of British households overfill their kettles, resulting in a staggering daily waste of 70 million litres of water and an annual loss of £68 million while making tea. Kettle. is a next-generation appliance that delivers instant hot water through the use of cutting-edge high-surface, lattice structural heat exchanges, vacuum flask housing, microcontroller technologies and modularity capabilities. With its optimised and efficient design, Kettle. not only offers pour-to-boil functionality but also delivers financial, environmental, and personal benefits that set it apart from its counterparts.